Prospective Study of Nonsurgical Auricular Correction According to Timing of Treatment.

Background: Many studies recommend nonsurgical auricular correction during the early postnatal period, when cartilage plasticity is high; however, many patients are not eligible for the procedure. This study compared different timings of nonsurgical auricular correction to investigate benefit after the optimal period for correction.
Methods: In this prospective study, 53 ears from 35 patients with congenital auricular anomaly were assigned to 2 groups according to age at correction: the early group, with correction within 2 weeks of birth, and the late group, with correction 8 weeks after birth. Aesthetic outcomes, caregiver satisfaction, detachment rates, and mean device-wearing periods were compared.
Results: Thirty-one ears from 20 patients constituted the early group, and 18 ears from 12 patients constituted the late group. Mean time to treatment after birth was 9.09 days in the early group and 134.7 days in the late group. In the early group, detachment occurred in 4 of 31 ears (12.9%), and in the late group, detachment occurred in 12 of 18 ears (66.7%), which was statistically significant ( P < 0.01). The average period of applying devices was 4.7 ± 1.2 weeks in the early group and 8.5 ± 4.1 weeks in the late group, with a significantly longer treatment time in the late group ( P = 0.001). The early group had 87.1% good results versus 55.6% good results in the late group, with a statistically significant difference.
Conclusions: The correction period was shorter, detachment rate was lower, and treatment outcome was better in the early group. However, successful correction was also present in the late group, showing that the patients who have passed the optimum correction period should proceed after counseling.
Clinical Question/level of Evidence: Therapeutic, II.
(Copyright © 2023 by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons.)