Developmental outcome of children with Robin sequence treated with the current Paris protocol.

Aim: We aimed to investigate the developmental outcome of children with Robin sequence (RS) for whom continuous positive airway pressure was the main strategy to release upper airway obstruction.
Methods: We included children with isolated RS or RS associated with Stickler syndrome who were aged 15 months to 6 years. We used the French version of the Child Development Inventory and calculated the developmental quotient (DQ) for eight different domains and the global DQ (DQ-global). We searched for determinants of risk of delay.
Results: Of the 87 children, for 71%, the developmental evolution was within the norm (DQ-global ≥86 or ≥-1 SD), 29% were at high risk of delay (DQ-global <86 or <-1 SD), and only 3% were at very high risk of delay (DQ-global <70 or <-2 SD). The DQs for expressive language and language comprehension were lower in our study population than the general population, but an improvement was noticed with the children's growth.
Conclusion: Risk of a developmental delay was not greater for children with the most severe respiratory phenotype than the others. Children whose mothers had low education levels were more at risk than the others.
(© 2023 The Authors. Acta Paediatrica published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Foundation Acta Paediatrica.)