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Macronutrient quality and the incidence of metabolically unhealthy phenotypes in adults with normal weight and overweight/obesity.

Authors :
Moslehi N
Golzarand M
Mirmiran P
Hosseinpanah F
Azizi F
Source :
Obesity research & clinical practice [Obes Res Clin Pract] 2023 Sep-Oct; Vol. 17 (5), pp. 369-377. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Sep 10.
Publication Year :
2023

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to investigate the associations of macronutrient quality indices with the incident metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUNW) and metabolically unhealthy overweight/obesity (MUO) phenotypes.<br />Methods: This prospective study included 512 metabolically healthy normal weight and 787 metabolically healthy overweight/obese adults from the third study examination of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. The participants were followed through the sixth study examination. Diet was measured with a food frequency questionnaire. The macronutrient quality index (MQI), carbohydrate quality index (CQI), fat quality index (FQI), and healthy plate quality index (HPPQI) were calculated. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) were estimated for incident unhealthy phenotypes using Cox regression.<br />Results: After controlling all possible confounding factors, a one-point higher HPPQI was linked to a 28 % lower risk of MUNW (HR = 0.72; 95 % CI = 0.59, 0.87). Compared to the lowest quartile, the incident MUNW was also lower in the two last quartiles of the HPPQI. A one-unit increase in MQI was associated with a 5 % lower incident MUO (HR = 0.95; 95 % CI = 0.92, 0.99). The incident MUO was also higher for the highest compared to the lowest MQI quartile. In quartiles 2-4 of the HPPQI, incident MUO was lower with respective HRs (95 % CI) of 0.71 (0.54, 0.93), 0.60 (0.45, 0.80), and 0.66 (0.50, 0.86) in the fully-adjusted model.<br />Conclusions: A higher overall macronutrient quality was independently associated with a lower incident MUO. A higher dietary protein quality was related to a lower risk for MUNW and MUO.<br />Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare no competing interests.<br /> (Copyright © 2023 Asia Oceania Association for the Study of Obesity. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1871-403X
Volume :
17
Issue :
5
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
Obesity research & clinical practice
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
37696712
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2023.09.001