[Analysis of chromosome aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocyte of medical radiation workers in a tertiary hospital].

Objective: To analyze the level of chromosome aberration in lymphocytes of medical radiation workers and its influencing factors. Methods: From July to September 2020, 252 medical workers in a tertiary hospital were selected as the study subjects and 107 preserviceworkers were selected as the control group. The Chromosomal aberrations of peripheral blood lymphocytes were measured using conventional cytogenetic analysis method, and the differences were analyzed. Results: The frequencies of dicentric puls centric ring, total chromosome-type aberrations, and abnormal detection rate in the radiation group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( Z =2.59, 3.74, 9.99, P <0.05). There was significant difference in the frequencies of dicentric plus centric ring and total chromosome-type aberrations among different types of work (χ(2)=8.59, 8.17, 11.39, P <0.05), and the frequencies of dicentric plus centric ring were significantly higher in the interventional radiology group than those in diagnostic radiology (χ(2)=2.90, P <0.05), While the rates of acentric fragment and total chromosome-type aberrations were significantly higher in the nuclear medicine group than those in diagnostic radiology (χ(2)=2.81, 3.19, P <0.05). The difference in the abnormal detection rate of chromosome aberrations between different types of work was statistically significant ( P <0.05), and the rate in the interventional radiology group was significantly higher than that in the diagnostic radiology group (χ(2)=7.66, P <0.05). There was no significant difference in chromosome aberration level and abnormal detection rate among different working ages ( P >0.05). Poisson regression analysis indicated that the type of work is a risk factor for chromosomal aberration [ IRR =2.31 (nuclear medicine group), 1.66 (Radiation therapy), and 1.78 (interventional group) ; P <0.05]. Conclusion: Ionizing radiation causes certain radiation damage to medical radiology workers, and the frequencies of chromosome aberration in the radiation workers of nuclear medicine and interventional radiology groups are relatively high, so radiation protection should be strengthened to ensure the health of relevant workers.