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Racial/ethnic disparities in PM 2.5 -attributable cardiovascular mortality burden in the United States.
- Source :
-
Nature human behaviour [Nat Hum Behav] 2023 Dec; Vol. 7 (12), pp. 2074-2083. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Aug 31. - Publication Year :
- 2023
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Abstract
- Average ambient fine particulate matter (PM <subscript>2.5</subscript> ) concentrations have decreased in the US in recent years, but the health benefits of this improvement among different racial/ethnic groups are unknown. We estimate the associations between long-term exposure to ambient PM <subscript>2.5</subscript> and cause-specific cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality rate and assess the PM <subscript>2.5</subscript> -attributable CVD deaths by race/ethnicity across 3,103 US counties during 2001-2016 (n = 595,776 county-months). A 1 µg m <superscript>-</superscript> <superscript>3</superscript> increase in PM <subscript>2.5</subscript> concentration was associated with increases of 7.16 (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.81, 10.51) CVD deaths per 1,000,000 Black people per month, significantly higher than the estimates for non-Hispanic white people (1.76 (95% CI: 1.37, 2.15); difference in coefficients: 5.40 (95% CI: 2.03, 8.77), P = 0.001). No significant difference in this association was observed between Hispanic (2.66 (95% CI: -0.03, 5.35)) and non-Hispanic white people (difference in coefficients: 0.90 (95% CI: -1.81, 3.61), P = 0.523). From 2001 to 2016, the absolute disparity in PM <subscript>2.5</subscript> -attributable CVD mortality burden was reduced by 44.04% between non-Hispanic Black and white people and by 2.61% between Hispanic and non-Hispanic white people. However, in 2016, the burden remained 3.47 times higher for non-Hispanic Black people and 0.45 times higher for Hispanic people than for non-Hispanic white people. We call for policies that aim to reduce both exposure and vulnerability to PM <subscript>2.5</subscript> for racial/ethnic minorities.<br /> (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.)
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2397-3374
- Volume :
- 7
- Issue :
- 12
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Nature human behaviour
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 37653149
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-023-01694-7