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Early Alterations of PACAP and VIP Expression in the Female Rat Brain Following Spinal Cord Injury.
- Source :
-
Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN [J Mol Neurosci] 2023 Oct; Vol. 73 (9-10), pp. 724-737. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Aug 30. - Publication Year :
- 2023
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Abstract
- Previous evidence shows that rapid changes occur in the brain following spinal cord injury (SCI). Here, we interrogated the expression of the neuropeptides pituitary adenylyl cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP), vasoactive intestinal peptides (VIP), and their binding receptors in the rat brain 24 h following SCI. Female Sprague-Dawley rats underwent thoracic laminectomy; half of the rats received a mild contusion injury at the level of the T10 vertebrate (SCI group); the other half underwent sham surgery (sham group). Twenty-four hours post-surgery, the hypothalamus, thalamus, amygdala, hippocampus (dorsal and ventral), prefrontal cortex, and periaqueductal gray were collected. PACAP, VIP, PAC1, VPAC1, and VPAC2 mRNA and protein levels were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. In SCI rats, PACAP expression was increased in the hypothalamus (104-141% vs sham) and amygdala (138-350%), but downregulated in the thalamus (35-95%) and periaqueductal gray (58-68%). VIP expression was increased only in the thalamus (175-385%), with a reduction in the amygdala (51-68%), hippocampus (40-75%), and periaqueductal gray (74-76%). The expression of the PAC1 receptor was the least disturbed by SCI, with decrease expression in the ventral hippocampus (63-68%) only. The expression levels of VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors were globally reduced, with more prominent reductions of VPAC1 vs VPAC2 in the amygdala (21-70%) and ventral hippocampus (72-75%). In addition, VPAC1 downregulation also extended to the dorsal hippocampus (69-70%). These findings demonstrate that as early as 24 h post-SCI, there are region-specific disruptions of PACAP, VIP, and related receptor transcript and protein levels in supraspinal regions controlling higher cognitive functions.<br /> (© 2023. The Author(s).)
- Subjects :
- Female
Rats
Animals
Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide genetics
Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide metabolism
Receptors, Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide metabolism
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide genetics
Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide metabolism
Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide, Type I genetics
Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide, Type I metabolism
Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Type II genetics
Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Type II metabolism
Receptors, Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide, Type I genetics
Receptors, Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide, Type I metabolism
Brain metabolism
Receptors, Pituitary Hormone genetics
Receptors, Pituitary Hormone metabolism
Spinal Cord Injuries metabolism
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1559-1166
- Volume :
- 73
- Issue :
- 9-10
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 37646964
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-023-02151-w