Comparing the effect of aromatherapy with breast milk, Lavandula stoechas, and Rosa damascena on venipuncture pain in preterm infants.

Introduction and Objectives: Since preterm infants frequently undergo painful diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, pain management, especially through non-pharmacological methods, will be extremely beneficial. Accordingly, the present study aimed to compare the effects of aromatherapy with breast milk, Lavandula stoechas, and Rosa damascena on venipuncture pain in preterm infants.
Methods: In this interventional study, preterm infants were randomly divided into four groups of aromatherapy with breast milk (25 infants), Lavandula stoechas (25 infants), Rosa damascena (25 infants), and sham (25 infants). One minute before, during, and two minutes after venipuncture, the Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS) as well as heart rate and SPO2 were measured.
Results: The results indicated that pain intensity was significantly lower during and after venipuncture in all the aromatherapy methods compared with the sham group (P < 0.001). Breast milk odor decreased the pain more than the other two odors during and after venipuncture (P < 0.001); however, there was no significant difference between Lavandula stoechas and Rosa damascena (P = 0.94). SPO2 was significantly higher in infants in the Lavandula stoechas (P < 0.001) and Rosa damascena (P = 0.03) groups compared with the sham infants.
Conclusion: All three aromatherapy methods were effective in decreasing preterm infants' venipuncture pain. Since no study on the effect of aromatherapy with Rosa damascena was found in this regard, the effectiveness of aromatherapy with Rosa damascena is of great importance, and future studies are recommended to analyze this topic in greater depth.
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