Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy for Treatment of Acute and Recent Hepatitis C Virus Infection: A Narrative Review.

Following the discovery of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in 1989, 3 decades of basic, translational, and clinical research culminated in the development of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy-curative oral treatment for HCV infection. The availability of DAA therapy revolutionized HCV clinical management, including acute (duration of infection <6 mo) and recent (duration of infection <12 mo) infection. Several DAA regimens, including the contemporary pan-genotypic combinations of sofosbuvir-velpatasvir and glecaprevir-pibrentasvir, have been shown to be safe and effective among people with acute and recent HCV infection, highlighting their potential in an HCV controlled human infection model. This article describes the natural history and management of acute and recent HCV infection in the era of DAA therapy and outlines a strategy for use of DAA therapies in the setting of an HCV controlled human infection model.
Competing Interests: Potential conflicts of interest. M. M. and G. V. M. are supported by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC). M. M. reports salary support from the Australian NHMRC Early Career Fellowship. S. N. reports research funding from Gilead and AbbVie; consulting fees from Pardse Biosciences and Silverback; participation in a Data and Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) with Vir Biotechnology; and stocks with Vir Biotechnology. J. K. R. reports consulting fees from Boehringer and speaker payments from Gilead, Janssen, Merck, and ViiV; DSMB participation with Abivax and Galapagos; and participation on the European AIDS Clinical Society (EACS) Governing Board. G. V. M. reports research funding, advisory board payments, and speaker payments from Gilead, Janssen, AstraZeneca, AbbVie, and ViiV, and research funding and speaker payments from Janssen. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed.
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