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SARS-CoV-2 Viral Clearance and Evolution Varies by Extent of Immunodeficiency.
- Source :
-
MedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences [medRxiv] 2023 Aug 07. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Aug 07. - Publication Year :
- 2023
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Abstract
- Despite vaccination and antiviral therapies, immunocompromised individuals are at risk for prolonged SARS-CoV-2 infection, but the immune defects that predispose to persistent COVID-19 remain incompletely understood. In this study, we performed detailed viro-immunologic analyses of a prospective cohort of participants with COVID-19. The median time to nasal viral RNA and culture clearance in the severe hematologic malignancy/transplant group (S-HT) were 72 and 40 days, respectively, which were significantly longer than clearance rates in the severe autoimmune/B-cell deficient (S-A), non-severe, and non-immunocompromised groups (P<0.001). Participants who were severely immunocompromised had greater SARS-CoV-2 evolution and a higher risk of developing antiviral treatment resistance. Both S-HT and S-A participants had diminished SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral, while only the S-HT group had reduced T cell-mediated responses. This highlights the varied risk of persistent COVID-19 across immunosuppressive conditions and suggests that suppression of both B and T cell responses results in the highest contributing risk of persistent infection.
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- MedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
- Accession number :
- 37577493
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.07.31.23293441