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Cerebellar Effects on Abnormal Psychomotor Function Are Mediated by Processing Speed in Psychosis Spectrum.
- Source :
-
Cerebellum (London, England) [Cerebellum] 2024 Jun; Vol. 23 (3), pp. 1215-1220. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Aug 04. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Psychomotor disturbance has been identified as a key feature of psychotic disorders, with motor signs observed in upwards of 66% of unmedicated, first-episode patients. Aberrations in the cerebellum have been directly linked to sensorimotor processing deficits including processing speed, which may underly psychomotor disturbance in psychosis, though these brain-behavior-symptom relationships are unclear, in part due to within-diagnosis heterogeneity across these levels of analysis. In 339 psychosis patients (242 schizophrenia-spectrum, 97 bipolar with psychotic features) and 217 controls, we evaluated the relationship between cerebellar grey matter volume in the Yeo sensorimotor network and psychomotor disturbance (mannerisms and posturing, retardation, excitement of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale [PANSS]), as mediated by processing speed (assessed via the SCIP). Models included intracranial volume, age, sex, and chlorpromazine equivalents as covariates. We observed significant mediation by processing speed, with a small positive effect of the cerebellum on processing speed (ß = 0.172, p = 0.029, d = 0.24) and a medium negative effect of processing speed on psychomotor disturbance (ß = -0.254, p < 0.001, d = 0.60), with acceptable specificity and sensitivity suggesting this model is robust against unmeasured confounding. The current findings suggest a critical role of cerebellar circuitry in a well-established sensorimotor aberration in psychosis (processing speed) and the presentation of related psychomotor phenotypes within psychosis. Establishing such relationships is critical for intervention research, such as TMS. Future work will employ more dimensional measures of psychomotor disturbance and cognitive processes to capture normative and aberrant brain-behavior-symptom relationships and may also determine the magnitude of these relationships within subtypes of psychosis (e.g., disorganized behavior, catatonia).<br /> (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
- Subjects :
- Humans
Female
Male
Adult
Young Adult
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Middle Aged
Psychomotor Disorders etiology
Psychomotor Disorders physiopathology
Schizophrenia physiopathology
Gray Matter pathology
Gray Matter diagnostic imaging
Gray Matter physiopathology
Processing Speed
Cerebellum physiopathology
Cerebellum diagnostic imaging
Psychotic Disorders physiopathology
Psychomotor Performance physiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1473-4230
- Volume :
- 23
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Cerebellum (London, England)
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 37540311
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s12311-023-01591-9