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What interventions keep older people out of nursing homes? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Authors :
Gaugler JE
Zmora R
Peterson CM
Mitchell LL
Jutkowitz E
Duval S
Source :
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society [J Am Geriatr Soc] 2023 Nov; Vol. 71 (11), pp. 3609-3621. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Aug 01.
Publication Year :
2023

Abstract

Background: Nursing home admission remains a central outcome in many healthcare systems and community-based programs. The objective of this meta-analysis was to determine the efficacy of pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions in preventing nursing home admission for adults aged 65 years or older.<br />Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycInfo, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library were all last searched in March 2022 to identify up-to-date eligible studies for the meta-analysis. Two reviewers screened each abstract independently. In instances where reviewers disagreed as to inclusion, all reviewers convened to review the Abstract to come to a consensus decision regarding inclusion. Two reviewers independently collected data from each report. Disagreements were resolved using group consensus. The first author reviewed the narrative descriptions of intervention components to create a categorization scheme for the various interventions evaluated in selected studies. These categorizations were reviewed with the co-authors (second-fifth) and collapsed to create the final classification of intervention type. Study risk of bias was assessed using an instrument developed based on Agency for Healthcare Research & Quality (AHRQ) guidance. Differences between the percentages of participants in treatment versus control arms was the outcome of interest.<br />Results: Two-hundred and eighty-three studies with a total of 203,735 older persons were included in the meta-analysis. Specialty geriatrics care (OR = 0.77, 95% CI, 0.60-0.99), multicomponent interventions (OR = 0.82, 95% CI, 0.67-0.99), and cognitive stimulation (OR = 0.60, 95% CI, 0.38-0.96) were associated with less frequent nursing home admission. Home-based and inpatient/discharge management interventions approached statistical significance but were not associated with reduced institutionalization.<br />Conclusions: Even in the face of complex care needs, older adults wish to live at home. Effectively disseminating and implementing geriatric care principles across healthcare encounters could achieve a highly valued and preferred outcome in older adulthood: aging in place.<br /> (© 2023 The Authors. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The American Geriatrics Society.)

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1532-5415
Volume :
71
Issue :
11
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
37526432
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.18522