Multifunctional 3D magnetic carbon aerogel for adsorption separation and highly sensitive SERS detection of malachite green.

This work presents a novel strategy for the synthesis of a recyclable aerogel and its multifunctional application as effective adsorption material for organic pollutants and as a high-quality SERS substrate for on-site detection measurement. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were uniformly dispersed and adsorbed on the surface of an Fe ₃ C-loaded carbon aerogel, resulting in the formation of a three-dimensional Ag-Fe ₃ C-MCA (magnetic carbon aerogel) composite. The substrate preparation led to Ag-Fe ₃ C-MCA with a mesoporous structure for high adsorption capacity, together with magnetic properties for easy separation capability. The Ag-Fe ₃ C-MCA composite demonstrated an efficient removal ability for malachite green (MG), with an adsorption capacity of 296.7 mg g ^-1 . Moreover, Ag-Fe ₃ C-MCA composite provided ultrasensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering detection for MG molecules, obtaining a limit of detection (LOD) of 3 × 10 ^-10  M. Aquaculture water samples with spiked MG concentrations were used to simulate practical scenarios. The Ag-Fe ₃ C-MCA presented has a significant potential for the removal of hazardous residues in wastewater, together with an efficient and sensitive method of quantification, all on the same substrate.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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