Europium metal-organic frameworks: Synthesis, characterization, and application as fluorescence sensors for the detection of Cu 2+ , Ni 2+ cations and T3, T4 hormones.

The solvothermal approach was used to create a novel Eu metal-organic framework (Eu-MOF) based on 1,4-benzendicarboxylic acid (TPA), 1,10-phenanthroline, and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF)/H ₂ O. Structural analysis of Eu-MOF, Fluorescence spectrometry, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) mapping, Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Single Crystal X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD) methods. Using the fluorescence properties of the synthesized Eu-MOF, its use as a fluorescence sensor in the determination of different analytes, such as organic molecules (T3-T4 hormone, ascorbic acid, and glucose) and metal ions (Na ⁺ , K ⁺ , Ca ²⁺ , Mg ²⁺ , Cu ²⁺ , Mn ²⁺ , Hg ²⁺ , Pb ²⁺ , Ni ²⁺ , Cr ³⁺ , Al ³⁺ , Fe ³⁺ ), was investigated. Fluorescence experiments revealed that Cu ²⁺ , Ni ²⁺ cations, as well as T3 and T4 hormones, quenched the fluorescence of Eu-MOF. Turn-off luminescence can be induced by 10 μM Cu ²⁺ , 30 μM Ni ²⁺ cations, 500 nM T3, and 800 nM T4 hormones. Fluorescence quenching efficiencies were calculated for Cu ²⁺ , Ni ²⁺ , T3, and T4 99.7%, 99.6%, 98.7%, and 98.2%, respectively.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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