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Microvascular Thrombosis and Liver Fibrosis Progression: Mechanisms and Clinical Applications.

Authors :
Airola C
Pallozzi M
Cerrito L
Santopaolo F
Stella L
Gasbarrini A
Ponziani FR
Source :
Cells [Cells] 2023 Jun 24; Vol. 12 (13). Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jun 24.
Publication Year :
2023

Abstract

Fibrosis is an unavoidable consequence of chronic inflammation. Extracellular matrix deposition by fibroblasts, stimulated by multiple pathways, is the first step in the onset of chronic liver disease, and its propagation promotes liver dysfunction. At the same time, chronic liver disease is characterized by alterations in primary and secondary hemostasis but unlike previously thought, these changes are not associated with an increased risk of bleeding complications. In recent years, the role of coagulation imbalance has been postulated as one of the main mechanisms promoting hepatic fibrogenesis. In this review, we aim to investigate the function of microvascular thrombosis in the progression of liver disease and highlight the molecular and cellular networks linking hemostasis to fibrosis in this context. We analyze the predictive and prognostic role of coagulation products as biomarkers of liver decompensation (ascites, variceal hemorrhage, and hepatic encephalopathy) and liver-related mortality. Finally, we evaluate the current evidence on the application of antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapies for prophylaxis of hepatic decompensation or prevention of the progression of liver fibrosis.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
2073-4409
Volume :
12
Issue :
13
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
Cells
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
37443746
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12131712