Correlation of lipocalin 2 and glycolipid metabolism and body composition in a large cohort of children with osteogenesis imperfecta.

Purpose: Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) is a newly recognized bone-derived factor that is important in regulation of energy metabolism. We investigated the correlation of serum LCN2 levels and glycolipid metabolism, and body composition in a large cohort of patients with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI).
Methods: A total of 204 children with OI and 66 age- and gender-matched healthy children were included. Circulating levels of LCN2 and osteocalcin were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C, HDL-C) were measured by automated chemical analyzers. The body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Grip strength and timed-up-and-go (TUG) were tested to evaluate the muscle function.
Results: Serum LCN2 levels were 37.65 ± 23.48 ng/ml in OI children, which was significantly lower than those in healthy control (69.18 ± 35.43 ng/ml, P < 0.001). Body mass index (BMI) and serum FBG level were significantly higher and HDL-C levels were lower in OI children than healthy control (all P < 0.01). Grip strength was significantly lower (P < 0.05), and the TUG was significantly longer in OI patients than healthy control (P < 0.05). Serum LCN2 level was negatively correlated to BMI, FBG, HOMA-IR, HOMA-β, total body, and trunk fat mass percentage, and positively correlated to total body and appendicular lean mass percentage (all P < 0.05).
Conclusions: Insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, obesity, and muscle dysfunction are common in OI patients. As a novel osteogenic cytokine, LCN2 deficiency may be relevant to disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism, and dysfunction of muscle in OI patients.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)