Innovative platforms for data aggregation, linkage and analysis in the context of pandemic and epidemic intelligence.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, open-access platforms that aggregate, link and analyse data were transformative for global public health surveillance. This perspective explores the work of three of these platforms: Our World In Data (OWID), Johns Hopkins University (JHU) COVID-19 Dashboard (later complemented by the Coronavirus Resource Center), and Global.Health, which were presented in the second World Health Organization (WHO) Pandemic and Epidemic Intelligence Innovation Forum. These platforms, operating mostly within academic institutions, added value to public health data that are collected by government agencies by providing additional real-time public health intelligence about the spread of the virus and the evolution of the public health emergency. Information from these platforms was used by health professionals, political decision-makers and members of the public alike. Further engagement between government and non-governmental surveillance efforts can accelerate the improvements needed in public health surveillance overall. Increasing the diversity of public health surveillance initiatives beyond the government sector comes with several benefits: technology innovation in data science, engagement of additional highly skilled professionals, greater transparency and accountability for government agencies, and new opportunities to engage with members of society.