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Air pollution and attention in Polish schoolchildren with and without ADHD.
- Source :
-
The Science of the total environment [Sci Total Environ] 2023 Sep 20; Vol. 892, pp. 164759. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jun 09. - Publication Year :
- 2023
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Abstract
- Background: Development and functioning of attention-a key component of human cognition-can be affected by environmental factors. We investigated whether long- and short-term exposure to particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter < 10 μm (PM <subscript>10</subscript> ) and nitrogen dioxide (NO <subscript>2</subscript> ) are related to attention in 10- to 13-year-old children living in Polish towns recruited in the NeuroSmog case-control study.<br />Methods: We investigated associations between air pollution and attention separately in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD, n = 187), a sensitive, at-risk population with impaired attention and in population-based typically developing children (TD, n = 465). Alerting, orienting, and executive aspects of attention were measured using the attention network test (ANT), while inhibitory control was measured with the continuous performance test (CPT). We assessed long-term exposure to NO <subscript>2</subscript> and PM <subscript>10</subscript> using novel hybrid land use regression (LUR) models. Short-term exposures to NO <subscript>2</subscript> and PM <subscript>10</subscript> were assigned to each subject using measurements taken at the air pollution monitoring station nearest to their home address. We tested associations for each exposure-outcome pair using adjusted linear and negative binomial regressions.<br />Results: We found that long-term exposures to both NO <subscript>2</subscript> and PM <subscript>10</subscript> were associated with worse visual attention in children with ADHD. Short-term exposure to NO <subscript>2</subscript> was associated with less efficient executive attention in TD children and more errors in children with ADHD. It was also associated with shorter CPT response times in TD children; however, this effect was accompanied by a trend towards more CPT commission errors, suggestive of more impulsive performance in these subjects. Finally, we found that short-term PM <subscript>10</subscript> exposure was associated with fewer omission errors in CPT in TD children.<br />Conclusions: Exposure to air pollution, especially short-term exposure to NO <subscript>2</subscript> , may have a negative impact on attention in children. In sensitive populations, this impact might be different than in the general population.<br />Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.<br /> (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1879-1026
- Volume :
- 892
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- The Science of the total environment
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 37302611
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164759