Comparison of genetic variation between primary colorectal cancer and metastatic peritoneal cancer.

Background: Among cancer metastases by primary colorectal cancer (CRC), peritoneal metastasis is the second most common metastatic lesion after liver metastasis. In treating metastatic CRC, it is very important to differentiate targeted-therapy and chemotherapy according to the characteristics of each lesion because the genetic variation of the primary and metastatic lesions are different. However, there are few studies of genetic characteristics on peritoneal metastasis caused by primary CRC, so molecular-level studies are continuously required.
Objective: We propose an appropriate peritoneal metastasis treatment policy by identifying the genetic characteristics between primary CRC and synchronous peritoneal metastatic lesions.
Methods: Primary CRC and synchronous peritoneal metastasis samples were analyzed in pairs from six patients using Comprehensive Cancer Panel (409 cancer-related genes, Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) and next-generation sequencing (NGS).
Results: The mutations were commonly found on the KMT2C and THBS1 genes in both primary CRC and peritoneal metastasis. The PDE4DIP gene was mutated in all cases except for on a sample of peritoneal metastasis. As a result of analysis using the mutation database, we confirmed that the gene mutations of primary CRC and the peritoneal metastasis derived from it showed the same tendency, although we did not accompany the gene expression level or epigenetic study.
Conclusion: It is thought that the treatment policy through molecular genetic testing of primary CRC can also be applied to peritoneal metastasis treatment. Our study is expected to be the basis for further peritoneal metastasis research.
(© 2023. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to The Genetics Society of Korea.)