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Effects of Chloramine T on zebrafish embryos malformations associated with cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity.
- Source :
-
Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A [J Toxicol Environ Health A] 2023 Apr 26, pp. 1-10. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Apr 26. - Publication Year :
- 2023
- Publisher :
- Ahead of Print
-
Abstract
- Chloramine T, a sodium p-toluene sulfonchloramide, is known to possess a wide spectrum of biocidal activity and is employed as a disinfectant in fish farms to treat bacterial infections. Although Chloramine T may effectively combat pathogens, the sublethal and lethal effects and changes in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity remain poorly elucidated using Danio rerio (zebrafish) embryos. Zebrafish is considered a model organism for toxicant screening research and exhibits mammalian-like physiological responses when exposed to environmental pollutants. The aim of this study was to (1) determine LC <subscript>50</subscript> of Chloramine T after 96 hr exposure, (2) verify disinfectant effects on developmental morphology, and (3) evaluate the disinfectant effects on AChE activity in zebrafish embryos. Chloramine T exposure was performed using 16, 32, 64, 128, or 256 mg/L concentrations. The mortality LC <subscript>50</subscript> values were 143.05 ± 3.11 and 130.97 ± 7.4 mg/L at 24 and 96 hr, respectively. Data demonstrated delayed hatching, reduced heartbeats, cardiac edema, and equilibrium disruption of hatched larvae throughout embryonic development. In addition, Chloramine T inhibited AChE activity at 64 or 128 mg/L after 96 hr treatment, corroborating the sub-lethality results observed in zebrafish embryo development and demonstrating an equilibrium disruption in zebrafish larvae.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1528-7394
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 37185102
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2023.2205271