Pregnancy after laparoscopic surgery for endometriosis: How long should we wait? A retrospective study involving a long-term follow up at a university endometriosis center.

Objective: To find the factors that influence the time until pregnancy after laparoscopic intervention and to evaluate the proper time to start assisted reproductive therapy (ART).
Methods: This is a retrospective analysis that includes a prospective evaluation of patients with infertility and with a diagnosis of endometriosis. A subgroup of patients who desired to be pregnant after laparoscopic intervention (102 patients) was followed up for 36-197 months after the surgery.
Results: In this study, 71 (69.9%) and 60 (58.8%) of the patients achieved pregnancy and live birth, respectively. In the group of patients who became pregnant, the duration of infertility was significantly lower (2.7 ± 2.1 years vs. 4.7 ± 3.2 years). The median time until pregnancy after laparoscopic intervention was 8 months (the average was 10 months). After 38 months, no pregnancy occurred.
Conclusion: In the group of patients with endometriosis and infertility, the first 12 months were the optimal time for pregnancy. For women with revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine classification of endometriosis (rASRM) stages I and II, spontaneous pregnancy can probably be delayed for up to 24 months, but in patients with rASRM stages III and IV, ART may be considered after 12 months. The gynecologist must be careful about the timing of further interventions after the operation.
(© 2023 The Authors. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.)