Discrimination between Korean and Chinese Kimchi using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy and mass spectrometry: A multivariate analysis of Kimchi.

Kimchi has been designated as one of the world's five healthiest foods, and it is a traditional Korean fermented food. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the origin of Kimchi can be discriminated against by using inorganic elements to develop a more accurate method. The OPLS-DA showed that the R ² and Q ² values were 0.908 and 0.81, a high-quality model. We selected 24 elements ( ¹³³ Cs, ²³⁸ U, ⁸⁸ Sr, K, ¹⁵⁷ Gd, Na, Mg, ¹³⁹ La, P, ¹⁴¹ Pr, ⁷² Ge, ¹⁴⁶ Nd, ¹⁴⁷ Sm, ¹⁵³ Eu, ⁵⁵ Mn, ¹⁶⁵ Ho, ¹⁶³ Dy, ¹⁶⁶ Er, Fe, ¹⁷² Yb, ¹⁶⁹ Tm, ¹⁸⁵ Re, ¹⁷⁵ Lu, and ¹¹⁸ Sn) with VIP 1 or higher in the OPLS-DA model. In ROC, the selected elements had an accuracy of 100%. The heatmap confirmed the contents of rare earth elements (REEs) in Korean and Chinese Kimchi, the accuracy of distinguishing classification in CDA is 100%. Such results will help to distinguish the origin of agricultural products through inorganic analysis.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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