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Sustainable chromatographic purification of milbemectin: Application of high-speed countercurrent chromatography coupled with off-line atmospheric pressure solid analysis probe-high resolution mass spectrometry.
- Source :
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Journal of chromatography. A [J Chromatogr A] 2023 Apr 12; Vol. 1694, pp. 463901. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Mar 01. - Publication Year :
- 2023
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Abstract
- Isolation of valuable chemicals is an important process in reagent manufacturing for the pharmaceutical and food science industries. This process is traditionally time-consuming, expensive, and consumes vast amounts of organic solvents. Considering green chemistry and sustainability concerns, we sought to develop a sustainable chromatographic purification methodology for obtaining antibiotics by focusing on the reduction of organic solvent waste generation. Milbemectin (mixture of milbemycin A3 and milbemycin A4) was successfully purified using high-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC) and pure fractions (>98% purity, HPLC) could be identified using the organic solvent fee atmospheric pressure solid analysis probe mass spectrometry (ASAP-MS). The organic solvents required for HSCCC could be redistilled and recycled for continued HSCCC purification, thus reducing the consumption of organic solvent (n-hexane/ethyl acetate) by 80+%. Optimization of the two-phase solvent system (n-hexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water, 9/1/7/3, v/v/v/v) for HSCCC was assisted computationally, thereby reducing solvent waste from an experimental determination. Our proposal application of HSCCC and offline ASAP-MS provides proof of concept for a sustainable, preparative scale, chromatographic purification methodology for obtaining antibiotics in high purity.<br />Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.<br /> (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1873-3778
- Volume :
- 1694
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of chromatography. A
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 36889118
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463901