COMPARATIVE RESULTS OF MODERN EXAMINATION METHODS IN EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF BLADDER CANCER, DETERMINATION OF THE DEGREE OF INVASION AND SELECTION OF RADICAL TREATMENT TACTICS.

This article deals with comparative results of modern examination methods in early diagnosis of bladder cancer, determination of the degree of invasion and selection of radical treatment tactics. The purpose of the conducted research work is to make a comparative analysis of existing methods of examination related to the stages of development of bladder cancer. The research was carried out on the Department of Urology of Azerbaijan Medical University. In this research work, an algorithm was developed by conducting a comparative analysis among modern methods of radiation examination (Ultrasound, CT, MRI) in determining the location of the tumor in the urethra, the position, size, direction of development and local prevalence of the process, analyzing the results obtained and trying to determine the sequence of profitable examinations for patients. According to the results of our research in ultrasound examination on specific stages of the process in the diagnosis of bladder cancer T1-100,%, T2 - 94.7±2.3%, T3 - 92.2±2.8%, T4 - 96.2±1.7%, and the sensitivity of the study T1 - 93.8± 6.1%, T2 - 92.9±3.4%, T3 - 85.0±4.6%, T4 - 83.3±8.8%. The sensitivity of transrectal ultrasound in determining the degree of invasion of the process T1 - 85.7±13.2%, T2 - 92.9± 19.2%, T3 - 85.7±13.2%, T4 - 100%, specificity T1 - 93.3±6.4%, T2 - 87.5±8.3%, T3 - 84± 7.3%, T4 - 95.0±4.9%. Based on the results of our research, we came to the conclusion that the general analysis of blood and urine, biochemical examination of blood in patients with superficial Ta-T1 stages of bladder cancer, which does not invade deep layers, does not cause hydronephrotic transformation in the upper urinary tract and kidneys, regardless of its size, and is located far from the ureter, the diagnosis is fully specified on the basis of ultrasound examination. At this stage, CT, and MRI methods do not add any information of different importance and can change the surgical tactics.