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In-depth virological and immunological characterization of HIV-1 cure after CCR5Δ32/Δ32 allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
- Source :
-
Nature medicine [Nat Med] 2023 Mar; Vol. 29 (3), pp. 583-587. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Feb 20. - Publication Year :
- 2023
-
Abstract
- Despite scientific evidence originating from two patients published to date that CCR5Δ32/Δ32 hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) can cure human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the knowledge of immunological and virological correlates of cure is limited. Here we characterize a case of long-term HIV-1 remission of a 53-year-old male who was carefully monitored for more than 9 years after allogeneic CCR5Δ32/Δ32 HSCT performed for acute myeloid leukemia. Despite sporadic traces of HIV-1 DNA detected by droplet digital PCR and in situ hybridization assays in peripheral T cell subsets and tissue-derived samples, repeated ex vivo quantitative and in vivo outgrowth assays in humanized mice did not reveal replication-competent virus. Low levels of immune activation and waning HIV-1-specific humoral and cellular immune responses indicated a lack of ongoing antigen production. Four years after analytical treatment interruption, the absence of a viral rebound and the lack of immunological correlates of HIV-1 antigen persistence are strong evidence for HIV-1 cure after CCR5Δ32/Δ32 HSCT.<br /> (© 2023. The Author(s).)
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1546-170X
- Volume :
- 29
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Nature medicine
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 36807684
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-023-02213-x