Surgical Science and the Evolution of Critical Care Medicine.

Surgical science has driven innovation and inquiry across adult and pediatric disciplines that provide critical care regardless of location. Surgically originated but broadly applicable knowledge has been globally shared within the pages Critical Care Medicine over the last 50 years.
Competing Interests: Dr. Coopersmith reports funding form the National Institute of Health (NIH) under grants GM072808, GM104323, and AA027396. Drs. Napolitano and Efron have previously served as Council members of the Society of Critical Care Medicine. Drs. Coopersmith, Efron, and Kaplan all serve on the editorial board of Critical Care Medicine. Dr. Cannon received funding from UptoDate; he disclosed that he is a consultant for CSL Behring. Drs. Kozar’s and Coopersmith’s institutions received funding from the NIH. Dr. Kozar’s institution received funding form the Department of Defense (DoD). Dr. Sugrue received funding from Novus Scientific and Smith and Nephew. Dr. Tiserhman’s institution received funding from the DoD (W81XWH-07-1-068 and W81XWH-18-1-0601); he disclosed that he is co-author of a patent for “Emergency Preservation and Resuscitation Method”; he disclosed the off-label product use of cardiopulmonary bypass equipment and saline. Dr. Coopersmith received support for article research from the NIH. Dr. Kaplan received funding from Society of Critical Care Medicine. Dr. Tisherman is a co-author of a patent for “Emergency Preservation and Resuscitation Method.” The remaining authors have disclosed that they do not have any potential conflicts of interest.
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