Device-independent quantum secure direct communication against collective attacks.

"Device-independent" not only represents a relaxation of the security assumptions about the internal working of the quantum devices, but also can enhance the security of the quantum communication. In the paper, we put forward the first device-independent quantum secure direct communication (DI-QSDC) protocol and analyze its security and communication efficiency against collective attacks. Under practical noisy quantum channel condition, the photon transmission loss and photon state decoherence would reduce DI-QSDC's communication quality and threaten its absolute security. For solving the photon transmission loss and decoherence problems, we adopt noiseless linear amplification (NLA) protocol and entanglement purification protocol (EPP) to modify the DI-QSDC protocol. With the help of the NLA and EPP, we can guarantee DI-QSDC's absolute security and effectively improve its communication quality.
Competing Interests: Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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