Multimodality Imaging in Valvular Structural Interventions.

Structural valvular interventions have skyrocketed in the past decade with new devices becoming available and indications for patients who would previously have been deemed inoperable. Furthermore, while echocardiography is the main imaging tool and the first line for patient screening, cardiac magnetic resonance and CT are now essential tools in pre-planning and post-procedural follow-up. This review aims to address imaging modalities and their scope in aortic, mitral and tricuspid structural valvular interventions, including multimodality imaging. Pulmonary valve procedures, which are mostly carried out in patients with congenital problems, are discussed. This article presents a guide on individualised imaging approcahes on each of the available interventional procedures.
Competing Interests: Disclosure: JG is on the editorial board of Cardiac Failure Reivew; this did not influence peer review. In the last 36 months, PGM reports consulting fees from Perspectum Diagnostics. SR reports speaker fees from Edwards Lifesciences and is on Medtronic’s international advisory board. All other authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
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