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What is the prevalence of COVID-19 detection by PCR among deceased individuals in Lusaka, Zambia? A postmortem surveillance study.
- Source :
-
BMJ open [BMJ Open] 2022 Dec 06; Vol. 12 (12), pp. e066763. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Dec 06. - Publication Year :
- 2022
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Abstract
- Objectives: To determine the prevalence of COVID-19 postmortem setting in Lusaka, Zambia.<br />Design: A systematic, postmortem prevalence study.<br />Setting: A busy, inner-city morgue in Lusaka.<br />Participants: We sampled a random subset of all decedents who transited the University Teaching Hospital morgue. We sampled the posterior nasopharynx of decedents using quantitative PCR. Prevalence was weighted to account for age-specific enrolment strategies.<br />Interventions: Not applicable-this was an observational study.<br />Primary Outcomes: Prevalence of COVID-19 detections by PCR. Results were stratified by setting (facility vs community deaths), age, demographics and geography and time.<br />Secondary Outcomes: Shifts in viral variants; causal inferences based on cycle threshold values and other features; antemortem testing rates.<br />Results: From 1118 decedents enrolled between January and June 2021, COVID-19 was detected among 32.0% (358/1116). Roughly four COVID-19+ community deaths occurred for every facility death. Antemortem testing occurred for 52.6% (302/574) of facility deaths but only 1.8% (10/544) of community deaths and overall, only ~10% of COVID-19+ deaths were identified in life. During peak transmission periods, COVID-19 was detected in ~90% of all deaths. We observed three waves of transmission that peaked in July 2020, January 2021 and ~June 2021: the AE.1 lineage and the Beta and Delta variants, respectively. PCR signals were strongest among those whose deaths were deemed 'probably due to COVID-19', and weakest among children, with an age-dependent increase in PCR signal intensity.<br />Conclusions: COVID-19 was common among deceased individuals in Lusaka. Antemortem testing was rarely done, and almost never for community deaths. Suspicion that COVID-19 was the cause of deaths was highest for those with a respiratory syndrome and lowest for individuals <19 years.<br />Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared.<br /> (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.)
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2044-6055
- Volume :
- 12
- Issue :
- 12
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- BMJ open
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 36600354
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066763