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The epidemiological trend of monkeypox and monkeypox-varicella zoster viruses co-infection in North-Eastern Nigeria.
- Source :
-
Frontiers in public health [Front Public Health] 2022 Dec 15; Vol. 10, pp. 1066589. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Dec 15 (Print Publication: 2022). - Publication Year :
- 2022
-
Abstract
- Background: Monkeypox (MPX) is endemic in Nigeria, but it was first reported in Adamawa state, North-Eastern Nigeria, in January 2022. There are currently 172 cases of MPX in Nigeria, with four reported deaths, and Adamawa has the second-highest case count. Therefore, this study was undertaken to evaluate the epidemiological profile of this viral disease.<br />Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. The skin and blood samples were screened for the presence for Monkeypox virus (MPXV) and Varicella Zoster virus (VZV) DNA by real-time PCR; the clinical diagnosis was based on symptoms of visual signs of skin lesions and other clinical symptoms from January to July 2022.<br />Results: A total of 33 suspected cases aged 1-57 years [26 (79%) males vs. 7 (21%) females] were screened for MPX and VZV. Twenty-four (72.7%) were positive (6.1% were MPX only, 39% were VZV only, and 27% were both MPX and VZV). Most cases of MPX (82%), VZV (69%) and MPX-VZV co-infection (78%) occurred in males. More than half (54%) of those infected were children and adolescents between 0 and 19 years. All patients experienced body rashes and itching, and other clinical symptoms included fever, headache, mouth sores, muscle aches and lymphadenopathy. Over 64 and 86% of patients had contact with livestock and rodents, respectively.<br />Conclusion: MPXV, VZV and MPXV-VZV co-infections occurred predominantly among males and children in Adamawa state, Nigeria. Given the patient contact with rodents and livestock, further research on the animal reservoir is needed to highlight the transmission of MPXV in Adamawa.<br />Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.<br /> (Copyright © 2022 Stephen, Alele, Olumoh, Tyndall, Okeke and Adegboye.)
- Subjects :
- Female
Male
Cross-Sectional Studies
Herpesvirus 3, Human genetics
Herpesvirus 3, Human isolation & purification
Monkeypox virus genetics
Monkeypox virus isolation & purification
Nigeria epidemiology
Humans
DNA, Viral
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Infant
Child, Preschool
Child
Adolescent
Young Adult
Adult
Middle Aged
Chickenpox diagnosis
Chickenpox epidemiology
Coinfection epidemiology
Mpox (monkeypox) epidemiology
Mpox (monkeypox) diagnosis
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2296-2565
- Volume :
- 10
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Frontiers in public health
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 36589996
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1066589