Primary squamous cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation of the kidney associated with ureteral stone obstruction: A case report.

Background: Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with sarcomatoid differentiation of the kidney was rarely reported. This disease is usually related to renal stones, and due to a lack of symptoms and radiological features, patients usually attend the hospital with late stage disease.
Case Summary: A 54-years-old female presented with left flank pain and an abdominal mass for 6 mo. Imaging studies revealed that the left kidney was enlarged and massive hydronephrosis was present. A stone was seen in the ureteropelvic junction. The patient subsequently underwent left radical nephrectomy, and histopathological examination of the mass revealed a poorly differentiated renal SCC with sarcomatoid differentiation. After primary surgery, the patient received four cycles of tirelizumab. Four months later, the patient developed adrenal, lymph, and uterine appendage metastases.
Conclusion: SCC of the kidney has a poor prognosis, and should be considered in patients with a renal mass, long-standing urinary calculi and massive hydronephrosis.
Competing Interests: Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
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