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Increased risk of group B streptococcal sepsis and meningitis in HIV-exposed uninfected infants in a high-income country.
- Source :
-
European journal of pediatrics [Eur J Pediatr] 2023 Feb; Vol. 182 (2), pp. 575-579. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Nov 16. - Publication Year :
- 2023
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Abstract
- The purpose of this study is to compare group B Streptococcus (GBS) infection incidence in HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) and HIV-unexposed (HU) infants in a Spanish cohort. We conducted a retrospective study in 5 hospitals in Madrid (Spain). Infants ≤ 90 days of life with a GBS infection were included from January 2008 to December 2017. Incidence of GBS infection in HEU and HU children was compared. HEU infants presented a sevenfold greater risk of GBS infection and a 29-fold greater risk of GBS meningitis compared to HU, with statistical significance. Early-onset infection was tenfold more frequent in HEU children, with statistical significance, and late-onset infection was almost fivefold more frequent in the HUE infants' group, without statistical significance.<br />Conclusion: HEU infants presented an increased risk of GBS sepsis and meningitis. One in each 500 HEU infants of our cohort had a central nervous system infection and 1 in each 200, a GBS infection. Although etiological causes are not well understood, this should be taken into account by physicians when attending this population.<br />What Is Known: • HIV-exposed uninfected infants are at higher risk of severe infections. • An increased susceptibility of these infants to group B Streptococcus infections has been described in low- and high-income countries, including a higher risk of meningitis in a South African cohort.<br />What Is New: • Group B Streptococcal meningitis is more frequent in HIV-exposed uninfected infants also in high-income countries. • Physicians should be aware of this increased risk when attending these infants.<br /> (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1432-1076
- Volume :
- 182
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- European journal of pediatrics
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 36383285
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-022-04710-6