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Influence of black rice (Oryza sativa L.) bran derived anthocyanin-extract on growth rate, immunological response, and immune-antioxidant gene expression in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) cultivated in a biofloc system.
- Source :
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Fish & shellfish immunology [Fish Shellfish Immunol] 2022 Sep; Vol. 128, pp. 604-611. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Aug 19. - Publication Year :
- 2022
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Abstract
- This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with anthocyanin extracted from black rice bran (AR) on the growth rate, immunological response, and expression of immune and antioxidant genes in Nile tilapia raised in an indoor biofloc system. A total of 300 Nile tilapia fingerlings (15.14 ± 0.032 g) were maintained in 150 L tanks and acclimatized for two weeks. Five experimental AR diets (0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 g kg <superscript>-1</superscript> ) with various anthocyanin doses were used to feed the fish. We observed that the growth and feed utilization of fish fed with different dietary AR levels increased significantly after eight weeks (p < 0.05). In addition, the serum immunity of fish fed AR diets was much greater than that of those fed non-AR diets (p < 0.05). However, there were little or no difference in between fish fed AR enriched diets and the control AR-free diet (p > 0.05). After eight weeks, fish fed AR-supplemented diets had significantly higher mRNA transcript levels in immune (interleukin [IL]-1, IL-8, and liposaccharide-binding protein [LBP]) and antioxidant (glutathione transferase-alpha [GST-α] and glutathione reductase [GSR]) genes compared to control fish fed the AR-free diet, with the greatest enhancement of mRNA transcript levels (in the case of IL-8 by up to about 5.8-fold) in the 4 g kg <superscript>-1</superscript>  AR diet. These findings suggest that dietary inclusion of AR extract from black rice bran at 4-8 g kg <superscript>-1</superscript> could function as a herbal immunostimulant to enhance growth performance, feed consumption, and immunity in Nile tilapia.<br />Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.<br /> (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Adjuvants, Immunologic metabolism
Animal Feed analysis
Animals
Anthocyanins metabolism
Antioxidants metabolism
Aquaculture
Diet veterinary
Dietary Supplements
Gene Expression
Glutathione Reductase metabolism
Glutathione Transferase metabolism
Interleukin-8
Plant Extracts metabolism
RNA, Messenger metabolism
Cichlids
Fish Diseases
Oryza genetics
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1095-9947
- Volume :
- 128
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Fish & shellfish immunology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 35995373
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2022.08.041