Perioperative Fluid Management in Surgical Patients: A Review.

Intravenous (IV) fluids are one of the most widely prescribed medications. Despite their frequent usage, IV fluids are often not used appropriately. High-quality evidence to guide the surgeon in the perioperative period is sparse. A plethora of choices for IV fluids exists with limited evidence to help guide the surgeon in specific patient populations and situations. To address this, the authors have set out to provide a critical review of commonly used IV fluids to treat surgical patients. Gaps in the existing literature for the surgical population will also be discussed as potential target areas for future research.