Alginate-modified biochar derived from rice husk waste for improvement uptake performance of lead in wastewater.

In this work, alginate-modified biochar derived from rice husk waste was synthesized using a simple process. The modified biochar (MBC) and rice husk biochar (RhBC) were investigated for removing Pb (II) ions in wastewater. The BET result displayed significantly improved specific surface area of MBC up to 120 m ² /g along with a total pore volume of 0.653 cm ³ /g. FTIR spectrums presented the higher oxygen-contained functional groups of MBC as compared to RhBC, resulting in increasing adsorption capacity of Pb (II). MBC had higher adsorption capacity (112.3 mg/g) and faster removal rate (0.0081 g mg ^-1 min ^-1 ) than those of RhBC (41.2 mg/g and 0.00025 g mg ^-1 min ^-1 ). Modified RhBC can remove more than 99% of Pb (II) from wastewater and it could be utilized for three cycles with a removal performance of over 90%. In addition, the Pb adsorption mechanism by using MBC was proposed and the practical application of MBC for the treatment of wastewater in Vietnam was discussed.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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