Study on Components with Neuroinflammation Inhibitory Activities from Croton tiglium L. var. xiaopadou.

An undescribed tigliane diterpenoid, 13-acetyl-12,17-di-O-tiglylphorbol (1), along with thirty-three known components, were isolated from the stems of Croton tiglium L. var. xiaopadou (Euphorbiaceae). Their structures were established based on spectroscopic data and ECD spectra. Their anti-neuroinflammatory effects were evaluated in LPS-induced BV-2 microglia. Thirteen tested compounds showed significant inhibitory activities, especially compounds 10, 16, 18 and 21 exhibited an inhibitory effect with IC ₅₀ values in the range of 12.39 to 17.80 μM, which are comparable with that of the positive control (minocycline, IC ₅₀ 13.92 μM).
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