Back to Search
Start Over
Localization of chemical synapses and modulatory release sites in the cardiac ganglion of the crab, Cancer borealis.
- Source :
-
The Journal of comparative neurology [J Comp Neurol] 2022 Dec; Vol. 530 (17), pp. 2954-2965. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jul 26. - Publication Year :
- 2022
-
Abstract
- The crustacean cardiac ganglion (CG) comprises nine neurons that provide rhythmic drive to the heart. The CG is the direct target of multiple modulators. Synapsin-like immunoreactivity was found clustered around the somata of the large cells (LC) and in a neuropil at the anterior branch of the CG trunk of Cancer borealis. This implicates the soma as a key site of synaptic integration, an unusual configuration in invertebrates. Proctolin is an excitatory neuromodulator of the CG, and proctolin-like immunoreactivity exhibited partial overlap with putative chemical synapses near the LCs and at the neuropil. A proctolin-like projection was also found in a pair of excitatory nerves entering the CG. GABA-like immunoreactivity was nearly completely colocalized with chemical synapses near the LCs but absent at the anterior branch neuropil. GABA-like projections were found in a pair of inhibitory nerves entering the CG. C. borealis Allatostatin B1 (CbASTB), red pigment concentrating hormone, and FLRFamide-like immunoreactivity each had a unique pattern of staining and co-localization with putative chemical synapses. These results provide morphological evidence that synaptic input is integrated at LC somata in the CG. Our findings provide a topographical organization for some of the multiple inhibitory and excitatory modulators that alter the rhythmic output of this semi-autonomous motor circuit.<br /> (© 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Comparative Neurology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1096-9861
- Volume :
- 530
- Issue :
- 17
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- The Journal of comparative neurology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 35882035
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.25385