Isolation of Some Phenolic Compounds from Plantago subulata L. and Determination of Their Antidiabetic, Anticholinesterase, Antiepileptic and Antioxidant Activity.

In the current study, some phenolic compounds, including acteoside, isoacteoside, echinacoside, and arenarioside purified and characterized from Plantago subulata. These compounds were tested for its antioxidant potential, including Fe ³⁺ and Cu ²⁺ reductive ability and Fe ²⁺ chelating effects. The inhibitory effects of isolated phenolic compounds were tested towards human carbonic anhydrase I and II isoenzymes (hCA I and hCA II), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) acetylcholinesterase (AChE), aldose reductase (AR) and α-glycosidase (α-gly). K _i values were found these compounds in range of 0.24±0.05-1.38±0.34 μM against hCA I, 0.194±0.018-1.03±0.06 μM against hCA II, 0.043±0.01-0.154±0.02 μM against AChE, 3.92±1.08-11.93±4.45 μM against BChE, 0.082±0.0008-1.68±0.42 μM against AR, and 6.93±2.74-17.17±6.70 μM against α-glycosidase. As a result, isolated compounds displayed inhibition effects against studied all metabolic enzymes. They are promising candidates for treating disorders like Alzheimer's disease, diabetes mellitus, glaucoma, leukemia, and epilepsy.
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