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The Multiplicity of Argonaute Complexes in Mammalian Cells.

The Multiplicity of Argonaute Complexes in Mammalian Cells.

Authors :
Mauro M
Berretta M
Palermo G
Cavalieri V
La Rocca G
Source :
The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics [J Pharmacol Exp Ther] 2023 Jan; Vol. 384 (1), pp. 1-9. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jun 06.
Publication Year :
2023

Abstract

Argonautes (AGOs) are a highly conserved family of proteins found in most eukaryotes and involved in mechanisms of gene regulation, both at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level. Among other functions, AGO proteins associate with microRNAs (miRNAs) to mediate the post-transcriptional repression of protein-coding genes. In this process, AGOs associate with members of the trinucleotide repeat containing 6 protein (TNRC6) family to form the core of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), the effector machinery that mediates miRNA function. However, the description of the exact composition of the RISC has been a challenging task due to the fact the AGO's interactome is dynamically regulated in a cell type- and condition-specific manner. Here, we summarize some of the most significant studies that have identified AGO complexes in mammalian cells, as well as the approaches used to characterize them. Finally, we discuss possible opportunities to exploit what we have learned on the properties of the RISC to develop novel anti-cancer therapies. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) is the molecular machinery that mediates miRNA function in mammals. Studies over the past two decades have shed light on important biochemical and functional properties of this complex. However, many aspects of this complex await further elucidation, mostly due to technical limitations that have hindered full characterization. Here, we summarize some of the most significant studies on the mammalian RISC and discuss possible sources of biases in the approaches used to characterize it.<br /> (Copyright © 2022 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.)

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1521-0103
Volume :
384
Issue :
1
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
35667689
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.122.001158