Detection of Leptospirosis Genome from the Aqueous Humor of a Patient with Bilateral Uveitis.

Background: Leptospira species are difficult to culture. Thus, when there is suspicion for an infectious etiology to uveitis, bacterial cultures may fail to identify Leptospira. We describe a case of leptospirosis-associated uveitis that evaded culture and molecular assays. DNA sequencing of the aqueous fluid showed the presence of Leptospira spp.
Methods: Retrospective case review of clinical and laboratory features of a patient with ocular leptospirosis is presented.
Results: DNA sequencing identified the genome of Leptospirosis spp. in the aqueous humor.
Conclusion: Metagenomic sequencing, by virtue of its unbiased nature, can be a helpful adjunctive test when a strong clinical suspicion for intraocular infection persists despite negative routine culture and molecular assays.