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Chemical profiles of PM 2.5 emitted from various anthropogenic sources of the Eastern Mediterranean: Cooking, wood burning, and diesel generators.
- Source :
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Environmental research [Environ Res] 2022 Aug; Vol. 211, pp. 113032. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Mar 04. - Publication Year :
- 2022
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Abstract
- The chemical profiles of PM <subscript>2.5</subscript> emitted from a non-road diesel generator, wood burning and cooking activities including chicken and beef charcoal grilling and general cooking activities were determined. The characterization included the carbonaceous fraction (OC/EC), water-soluble ions, elements, and organic species comprising n-alkanes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, carboxylic acids, levoglucosan, dioxins, furans, and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls. The main component in the PM <subscript>2.5</subscript> from the different sources was carbonaceous matter with a mass contribution to PM <subscript>2.5</subscript> of 49% for cooking activities, 53% for wood burning, 66% for beef grilling, 72% for chicken grilling, and 74% for diesel generator with different OC/EC concentration ratios. The analysis of organic compounds contents using diagnostic ratios and indexes showed differences between the sources and revealed specific source markers. The water-soluble ions had the highest contribution in the cooking activities profile with 17% of PM <subscript>2.5</subscript> and the least in the chicken grilling profile (1.1%). Additionally, 29 analyzed elements were identified, and their contribution varied with the sources (ranging from 1% to 11% of PM <subscript>2.5</subscript> ). These findings could be used to differentiate these sources and could assist in the use of source apportionment methods.<br /> (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1096-0953
- Volume :
- 211
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Environmental research
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 35248563
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.113032