[Surgical antibiotic prophylaxis's usage review in a mother-child university hospital].

Objectives: The main objective was to evaluate the surgical antibiotic prophylaxis's compliance rate. The secondary objectives were to evaluate the tools designed to help the surgical antibiotic prophylaxis's prescription, and evaluate the surgical site infection rate.
Methods: This retrospective study was done in a university hospital on a random selection of 125 pediatric patients having undergone a surgery (cardiac, general, neurological, ENT, orthopedic or plastic). Compliance to the current recommendations has been assessed.
Results: Out of the 125 studied patients (2 exclusions), the indication was compliant at 87% (107/123). The perioperative document included an intention to use antibiotic prophylaxis in 24% of cases (29/123). The compliance for the presence of the standard order set for antibiotic prophylaxis was only 15% (19/123). The compliance for the preoperative administration varied: antibiotic choice (94%, 63/67), dose (91%, 61/67), route (99%, 66/67), timing (30%, 20/67). The compliances for intra- and postoperative administrations were respectively 75% (57/76) and 89% (68/76). The surgical site infection rate was 4% (5/123).
Conclusions: The use of a standard order set for antibiotic prophylaxis and the timing of the preoperative administration were sub-optimal. A better dissemination and use of the administrative tools and the implementation of a coordination system with the members of anesthesia services would improve these important aspects of the surgical antibiotic prophylaxis. The establishment of a digital perioperative document is planned.
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