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Artificial Intelligence in Diagnostic Radiology: Where Do We Stand, Challenges, and Opportunities.

Authors :
Moawad AW
Fuentes DT
ElBanan MG
Shalaby AS
Guccione J
Kamel S
Jensen CT
Elsayes KM
Source :
Journal of computer assisted tomography [J Comput Assist Tomogr] 2022 Jan-Feb 01; Vol. 46 (1), pp. 78-90.
Publication Year :
2022

Abstract

Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) is the most revolutionizing development in the health care industry in the current decade, with diagnostic imaging having the greatest share in such development. Machine learning and deep learning (DL) are subclasses of AI that show breakthrough performance in image analysis. They have become the state of the art in the field of image classification and recognition. Machine learning deals with the extraction of the important characteristic features from images, whereas DL uses neural networks to solve such problems with better performance. In this review, we discuss the current applications of machine learning and DL in the field of diagnostic radiology.Deep learning applications can be divided into medical imaging analysis and applications beyond analysis. In the field of medical imaging analysis, deep convolutional neural networks are used for image classification, lesion detection, and segmentation. Also used are recurrent neural networks when extracting information from electronic medical records and to augment the use of convolutional neural networks in the field of image classification. Generative adversarial networks have been explicitly used in generating high-resolution computed tomography and magnetic resonance images and to map computed tomography images from the corresponding magnetic resonance imaging. Beyond image analysis, DL can be used for quality control, workflow organization, and reporting.In this article, we review the most current AI models used in medical imaging research, providing a brief explanation of the various models described in the literature within the past 5 years. Emphasis is placed on the various DL models, as they are the most state-of-art in imaging analysis.<br />Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.<br /> (Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1532-3145
Volume :
46
Issue :
1
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
Journal of computer assisted tomography
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
35027520
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0000000000001247