[Posttraumatic stress disorder and emergency cesarean delivery: Incidence and risk factors].

Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is declared in 3 to 6 % of postpartum women (PP) and up to 18.5 % in cases of complications of pregnancy or childbirth. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence of PTSD after a red code cesarean section and to identify the risk factors among the prenatal vulnerability factors, the birth alert factors and the maintenance factors in PP.
Method: A phone or computerized questionnaire including an Questionnaire de stress immédiat and the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 was offered to patients who had a red code cesarean section between 05/12/2015 and 02/28/2021 at the University South Hospital of Reunion Island.
Results: Among the 555 cesarean sections selected, 329 parturients responded. The prevalence of PTSD was 20.1 % and was stable over time. The 2 risk factors found were the negative experience of childbirth and the proven traumatic experience. Prenatal vunerability factors were not found to be statistically significant. Almost 3 in 4 women had not been informed of the risk of cesarean section and more than 1 in 2 women did not have an explanation in PP.
Conclusion: Red code cesarean sections cause PTSD in 1 in 5 women. This lasting disorder can last up to 6 years after childbirth. This indicates the seriousness of this disorder and the need to prevent it. The risk of developing it is 4 times greater in the event of a traumatic experience proven in the Questionnaire de stress immédiat. Offering this questionnaire in the maternity could be an important element of secondary prevention. The role of health personnel remains essential.
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