Trends in Complementary Feeding Indicators and Intake from Specific Food Groups among Children Aged 6-23 Months in Bangladesh.

The present study aims to comprehensively analyse trends in complementary feeding indicators (Introduction of solid, semi-solid, and soft foods at 6-8 months (INTRO), Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD), Minimum Meal Frequency (MMF) and Minimum Acceptable Diet (MAD)) among children aged 6-23 months in Bangladesh. The study used data from four rounds (2007, 2011, 2014, and 2017-2018) of nationally representative Bangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys (BDHSs). The Cochran-Armitage test was performed to capture the trends in complementary feeding practices and intake from specific food groups. BDHSs are periodically conducted cross-sectional surveys in all seven administrative divisions of Bangladesh. The present analysis was performed among 8116 children (1563 in 2007, 2137 in 2011, 2249 in 2014, and 2167 in 2017-2018) aged 6-23 months. Overall, a decreasing trend was observed in all the complementary feeding indicators except INTRO from 2007 to 2014, but a substantial increase in MDD, MMF and MAD was noted in 2017-2018. A statistically significant reduction in consumption from different food groups such as legumes and nuts ( p < 0.001), dairy products ( p = 0.001), vitamin-A-rich fruits or vegetables ( p < 0.001), and other fruits and vegetables ( p < 0.001) was also observed. However, a positive trend was noted in the consumption of grains/roots/tubers ( p = 0.027), and meat/fish/egg ( p < 0.001). After experiencing a significant decreasing trend during 2007-2014, the recent BDHS indicates improvements in all complementary feeding indicators among young children in Bangladesh, which calls for integrated, multisectoral, and multicomponent interventions to sustain this progress.