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Additive and Interactive Associations of Environmental and Sociodemographic Factors with the Genotypes of Three Glutathione S-Transferase Genes in Relation to the Blood Arsenic Concentrations of Children in Jamaica.

Authors :
Rahbar MH
Samms-Vaughan M
Zhao Y
Saroukhani S
Zaman SF
Bressler J
Hessabi M
Grove ML
Shakspeare-Pellington S
Loveland KA
Source :
International journal of environmental research and public health [Int J Environ Res Public Health] 2022 Jan 01; Vol. 19 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jan 01.
Publication Year :
2022

Abstract

Arsenic (As) is a metalloid that has been classified as a xenobiotic with toxic effects on human beings, especially on children. Since the soil in Jamaica contains As, dietary intake is considered the main source of As exposure in Jamaicans. In addition, glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes, including GSTT1 , GSTP1 , and GSTM1, play an important role in the metabolism of xenobiotics including As in humans. Using data from 375 typically developing children (2-8 years) in Jamaica, we investigated the environmental and sociodemographic factors, as well as their possible interactions with the children's genotype for GST genes in relation to having a detectable level of blood As concentration (i.e., >1.3 μg/L). Using multivariable logistic regression, we have identified environmental factors significantly associated with blood As concentrations that include a child's age, parental education levels, and the consumption of saltwater fish, cabbage, broad beans, and avocado (all p < 0.01). Based on the multivariable analysis including gene x environment interactions, we found that among children with the Ile/Ile genotype for GSTP1 Ile105Val, children who consumed avocado had higher odds of having a detectable blood As concentration compared to children who did not eat avocado.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1660-4601
Volume :
19
Issue :
1
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
International journal of environmental research and public health
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
35010728
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010466