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Thyroid Hormones and Morphological Features of Primary Breast Cancer.
- Source :
-
Anticancer research [Anticancer Res] 2022 Jan; Vol. 42 (1), pp. 253-261. - Publication Year :
- 2022
-
Abstract
- Background/aim: Many experimental studies have suggested the importance of thyroid hormones in breast cancer (BC) morphogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of thyroid hormone levels in serum of patients with primary BC with morphological presentations of the disease in pathological specimens and prognosis.<br />Patients and Methods: We measured the serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4), along with serum thymidine kinase 1 activity and examined their relation to pathological features and prognosis of 158 patients with primary BC.<br />Results: We found a significant positive association of serum FT3 level with the presence of carcinoma in situ component (CIS) (p=0.032) and its size (p=0.047), with the presence (p=0.022) and the number of multifocal/multicentric tumors (MMTs) (p=0.002), as well as with increased proliferative activity in terms of serum thymidine kinase 1 (p=0.002). Moreover, we report that each 1.0 unit rise of FT3/FT4 ratio×10 was associated with an odds ratio of 1.77 (95% confidence interval=1.17-3.30, p=0.007), 1.97 (95% confidence interval=1.17-2.67, p=0.010) and 1.56 (95% confidence interval=1.02-2.37, p=0.039) for the detection of patients with CIS, MMTs and lymphovascular invasion, respectively, after adjusting for age. We did not find statistically significant associations of serum TSH level with breast cancer`s parameters. A Cox regression survival analysis identified serum FT3 level >5.95 pmol/l as a risk factor for BC recurrence (relative risk=2.65, p=0.017), a finding that retained significance in a multivariate model (relative risk=2.52, p=0.027).<br />Conclusion: The FT3/FT4 ratio is a valuable parameter predicting the presence of CIS, MMTs and lymphovascular invasion in pathological specimens. An elevated serum FT3 level is associated with the presence of CIS, MMTs, increased proliferative activity and poor prognosis.<br /> (Copyright © 2022 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Adult
Aged
Biomarkers, Tumor blood
Breast Neoplasms pathology
Carcinoma in Situ pathology
Cell Proliferation genetics
Female
Humans
Middle Aged
Neoplasm Invasiveness genetics
Neoplasm Invasiveness pathology
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local pathology
Prognosis
Thymidine Kinase blood
Thyroid Function Tests
Thyroid Gland pathology
Thyroid Hormones genetics
Thyrotropin blood
Thyroxine blood
Triiodothyronine blood
Breast Neoplasms blood
Carcinoma in Situ blood
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local blood
Thyroid Gland metabolism
Thyroid Hormones blood
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1791-7530
- Volume :
- 42
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Anticancer research
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 34969732
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.15480