Conventional Cartilaginous Tumors: Evaluation and Treatment.

»: Enchondromas are benign cartilaginous lesions that rarely require surgical intervention.
»: Atypical cartilaginous tumors (ACTs), also referred to as grade-1 chondrosarcomas, may be managed without any intervention or with extended intralesional curettage and bone-void filling.
»: High-grade chondrosarcomas, or grade-2 and 3 chondrosarcomas, should be managed aggressively with wide resection.
»: Chemotherapy and radiation do not currently play a role in the treatment of chondrosarcomas.
»: Differentiating an enchondroma from an ACT and an ACT from a high-grade chondrosarcoma can be difficult and requires clinical experience, radiographic and advanced imaging, and possibly a biopsy. Ultimately, a multidisciplinary team that includes a musculoskeletal oncologist, a radiologist, and a pathologist is needed to make the most appropriate diagnosis and treatment plan for each patient.
Competing Interests: Disclosure: The authors indicated that no external funding was received for any aspect of this work. The Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest forms are provided with the online version of the article (http://links.lww.com/JBJSREV/A691).
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