Residual Impact of Concurrent, Resistance, and High-Intensity Interval Training on Fasting Measures of Glucose Metabolism in Women With Insulin Resistance.

We sought to assess the residual effects (post 72-h training cessation) on fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and fasting insulin (FI) after 12-weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), resistance training (RT), or concurrent training (CT) in women with insulin resistance (IR). We also aimed to determine the training-induced, post-training residual impact of CT. A total of adult 45 women (age 38.5±9.2years) were included in the final analysis and were assigned to a control (CG; n =13, BMI 28.3±3.6kg/m ² ), HIIT [ n =14, BMI 28.6±3.6kg/m ² , three sessions/wk., 80-100% of the maximum heart rate (HR _max )], RT [ n =8, BMI 29.4±5.5kg/m ² , two sessions/wk., 8-10 points of the modified Borg, corresponding to 20 to 50% range of one maximum repetition test (1RM)], or CT group ( n =10, BMI 29.1±3.0kg/m ² , three sessions/wk., 80-100% of HR _max , and 8-10 Borg, or 20 to 50% range of 1RM, to each HIIT and RT compounds), with the latter including both HIIT and RT regimens. Training interventions lasted 12-weeks. The main outcomes were FPG and FI measured at pre- and 24-h and 72-h post-training (FPG _24h , FI _24h , and FPG _72h , FI _72h , respectively). Secondary endpoints were body composition/anthropometry and the adiposity markers waist circumference (WC) and tricípital skinfold (T _SF ). The residual effects 72-h post-training [delta (∆)] were significantly poorer (all p <0.01) in the CT group (∆FPG _72h +6.6mg/dl, η ² : 0.76) than in the HIIT (∆FPG _72h +1.2mg/dl, η ² : 0.07) and RT (∆FPG _72h +1.0mg/dl, η ² : 0.05) groups. These findings reveal that HIIT reduces FPG and RT reduces FI 24-h post-training; both exercise interventions alone have remarkably better residual effects on FPG and FI (post-72h) than CT in women with insulin resistance.
Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
(Copyright © 2021 Alvarez, Ciolac, Guimarães, Andrade, Vasquez-Muñoz, Monsalves-Álvarez, Delgado-Floody, Alonso-Martínez and Izquierdo.)