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Immunity elicited by natural infection or Ad26.COV2.S vaccination protects hamsters against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern.
- Source :
-
Science translational medicine [Sci Transl Med] 2021 Nov 03; Vol. 13 (618), pp. eabj3789. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Nov 03. - Publication Year :
- 2021
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Abstract
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern have emerged and may pose a threat to both the efficacy of vaccines based on the original WA1/2020 strain and the natural immunity induced by infection with earlier SARS-CoV-2 variants. We investigated how mutations in the spike protein of circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants, which have been shown to partially evade neutralizing antibodies, affect natural and vaccine-induced immunity. We adapted a Syrian hamster model of moderate to severe clinical disease for two variant strains of SARS-CoV-2: B.1.1.7 (alpha variant) and B.1.351 (beta variant). We then assessed the protective efficacy conferred by either natural immunity from WA1/2020 infection or by vaccination with a single dose of the adenovirus serotype 26 vaccine, Ad26.COV2.S. Primary infection with the WA1/2020 strain provided potent protection against weight loss and viral replication in lungs after rechallenge with WA1/2020, B.1.1.7, or B.1.351. Ad26.COV2.S induced cross-reactive binding and neutralizing antibodies that were reduced against the B.1.351 strain compared with WA1/2020 but nevertheless still provided robust protection against B.1.351 challenge, as measured by weight loss and pathology scoring in the lungs. Together, these data support hamsters as a preclinical model to study protection against emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2 conferred by prior infection or vaccination.
- Subjects :
- Ad26COVS1
Animals
COVID-19 Vaccines
Cricetinae
Humans
Vaccination
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1946-6242
- Volume :
- 13
- Issue :
- 618
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Science translational medicine
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 34705477
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.abj3789