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Epigenetic processes during preeclampsia and effects on fetal development and chronic health.
- Source :
-
Clinical science (London, England : 1979) [Clin Sci (Lond)] 2021 Oct 15; Vol. 135 (19), pp. 2307-2327. - Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Preeclampsia (PE), the leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, is associated with poor fetal growth, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and low birth weight (LBW). Offspring of women who had PE are at increased risk for cardiovascular (CV) disease later in life. However, the exact etiology of PE is unknown. Moreover, there are no effective interventions to treat PE or alleviate IUGR and the developmental origins of chronic disease in the offspring. The placenta is critical to fetal growth and development. Epigenetic regulatory processes such as histone modifications, microRNAs and DNA methylation play an important role in placental development including contributions to the regulation of trophoblast invasion and remodeling of the spiral arteries. Epigenetic processes that lead to changes in placental gene expression in PE mediate downstream effects that contribute to the development of placenta dysfunction, a critical mediator in the onset of PE, impaired fetal growth and IUGR. Therefore, this review will focus on epigenetic processes that contribute to the pathogenesis of PE and IUGR. Understanding the epigenetic mechanisms that contribute to normal placental development and the initiating events in PE may lead to novel therapeutic targets in PE that improve fetal growth and mitigate increased CV risk in the offspring.<br /> (© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Blood Pressure genetics
Cardiovascular Diseases metabolism
Cardiovascular Diseases physiopathology
Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly
DNA Methylation
Female
Fetal Growth Retardation metabolism
Fetal Growth Retardation physiopathology
Humans
Infant, Low Birth Weight
Infant, Newborn
Placenta physiopathology
Placentation genetics
Pre-Eclampsia metabolism
Pre-Eclampsia physiopathology
Pregnancy
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
Prognosis
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
Cardiovascular Diseases genetics
Epigenesis, Genetic
Fetal Development
Fetal Growth Retardation genetics
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
Placenta metabolism
Pre-Eclampsia genetics
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1470-8736
- Volume :
- 135
- Issue :
- 19
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Clinical science (London, England : 1979)
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 34643675
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20190070